Energy efficiency guide: the challenge of "cooler is better" for data center temperature

[Introduction] Data center columnists are weighing the proper management of data center temperature. Telecom's Jason Friedler wrote about the temperature debate in the data center. Despite the increasing pressure to reduce costs, the "cooler the better" attitude is still a difficult challenge to overcome.

Most data centers operate at 68 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit, and some at 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Increasing the base temperature Fahrenheit set in the data center can save money by reducing the power consumption of the air conditioner. The data center manager will increase the temperature by 1 degree Celsius degrees Fahrenheit and save 4% of energy costs. Google, Intel, Sun and Hewlett-Packard have all taken measures to raise the data center's benchmark Fahrenheit.

Increased temperature Fahrenheit set point

In 2009, professionals from the leading industries of the Heating and Refrigeration Group participated in discussions to increase the temperature of the data center in Fahrenheit. The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) has also made recommendations to increase the temperature of the data center, increasing its upper temperature limit from 77 ° F to 80.6 ° F.

Research on server operating temperature

At the data center site, we can see that many companies are improving monitoring and ventilation management, which can also make data center managers more actively and appropriately increase the temperature of the data center. In some cases, raising Wen Fahrenheit can also use the company's chiller facilities to a minimum or not use them.

Chillers that use cooling water are widely used in data centers with large energy consumption. With the increasing emphasis on power costs, many data centers have become more dependent on chillers to improve the energy efficiency of their facilities.

But is the server overheating? Recent data indicates that the server is far stronger than we previously assumed. In a landmark study, Intel researchers monitored the data center environment using only air cooling. The test found that when the temperature reached 80 degrees Fahrenheit, the hardware failure rate was much lower than expected. Many data centers have used Fahrenheit to cool the data center to make up for the lack of precise control, resulting in more energy waste.

Air cooling can already provide a comfortable environment for enterprise servers to run. Even data centers like eBay and Phoenix do not use chillers. Google and Microsoft also abandoned the cooling implementation and used fresh cold air for cooling.

Recommendations on temperature

Data center columnists are weighing the proper management of data center temperature. Telecom's Jason Friedler wrote about the temperature debate in the data center. Despite the increasing pressure to reduce costs, the "cooler the better" attitude is still an insurmountable challenge. The trend of high-density Fahrenheit in the data center reminds us that while increasing the temperature of the data center in Fahrenheit, we must systematically identify the places where hot spots may occur. He added, "Care should be taken to ensure that the operation of the data center does not stop due to high temperatures or reduce the efficiency of the infrastructure."

Raise the temperature of the chilled water

For data centers that use chillers, managers who have increased the cooling set point data should also allow the temperature of the chilled water in the chiller to be increased, thereby reducing the energy demand of chilled water and saving energy costs. The improved cooling system at the Facebook data center in Santa Clara, California, cuts energy costs by $ 229,000 per year. Although there are many factors involved in this design, optimizing cooling channels and server fans, Facebook increased the return water temperature of its cold water system from 72 degrees Fahrenheit to 81 degrees Fahrenheit. Therefore, the higher air temperature Fahrenheit precipitates the increase in the temperature of the water supply of the chiller, which also reduces the cooling energy consumption. The chiller's water supply temperature also increased from 44 degrees Fahrenheit to 52 degrees Fahrenheit.

In one study, the unexpected shutdown of chillers increased the potential efficiency in the system group. During the test, the damage of the chiller caused the temperature of the cooling water used in the cooling distribution unit to rise from 44 degrees Fahrenheit to 78 degrees Fahrenheit in 46 minutes. The temperature of the CPU system cluster increased, but the server continued to operate. "Observations during the use of 78 degrees Fahrenheit chilled water show that the design of the cluster system can reduce the operating cost of the chiller. The above data is provided by the technical report of the aggregation system organized by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the United States.

And some are deliberately pushing the cooling water temperature. IBM deployed hot water cooling for a supercomputer at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland. The cooling system uses water up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit and therefore consumes 40% less energy than air cooling. The system also uses waste heat to heat university buildings, resulting in carbon emissions.

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