Infrared temperature measurement technology has been developed to scan and measure the temperature of the surface with thermal changes, determine the temperature distribution image, and quickly detect the hidden temperature difference. This is the infrared thermal imager. Infrared thermal imaging cameras were first used in the military. The United States TI company developed the world ’s first infrared scanning reconnaissance system in 19 years. Later, infrared thermal imaging technology has been used in aircraft, tanks, warships and other weapons in Western countries As a thermal sighting system for reconnaissance targets, the ability to search and hit targets has been greatly improved. The infrared thermal imager produced by Swedish AGA company is in a leading position in civil technology. However, how to make infrared temperature measurement technology widely used is still currently It is an application subject worth studying. Infrared thermometer consists of optical system, photodetector, signal amplifier, signal processing, display output, etc. The optical system converges the target infrared radiation energy in its field of view, the size of the field of view is The optical parts and their positions of the thermometer are determined. The infrared energy is focused on the photodetector and converted into a corresponding electrical signal. The signal passes through the amplifier and signal processing circuit, and is converted according to the instrument's internal therapy algorithm and target emissivity correction. It is the temperature value of the measured target. In nature, all objects whose temperature is higher than absolute zero Are constantly emitting infrared radiation energy into the surrounding space. The size of the infrared radiation energy of the object and its distribution according to the wavelength-have a very close relationship with its surface temperature. Therefore, through the infrared energy radiating to the object itself Measurement can accurately determine its surface temperature, which is the objective basis on which infrared radiation temperature measurement is based. A black body is an ideal radiator that absorbs radiant energy at all wavelengths without reflection and transmission of energy, The emissivity of its surface is 1. However, practical objects existing in nature are almost not black bodies. In order to understand and obtain the infrared radiation distribution law, a suitable model must be selected in theoretical research. This is the body cavity proposed by Planck The quantized oscillator model of radiation derives the Planck blackbody radiation law, that is, the blackbody spectral radiance expressed in wavelengths, which is the starting point of all infrared radiation theory, so it is called the blackbody radiation law. The radiation amount of all actual objects is divided by In addition to the radiation wavelength and the temperature of the object, it also depends on the type of material and preparation of the object The law, thermal process, surface state and environmental conditions are related. Therefore, in order to apply the blackbody radiation law to all actual objects, a proportional coefficient related to the material properties and surface state must be introduced, that is, the emissivity. This coefficient represents the actual object The degree of closeness of the thermal radiation of the black body to the black body radiation is between zero and less than 1. According to the law of radiation, as long as the emissivity of the material is known, the infrared radiation characteristics of any object are known. The main factors affecting emissivity In: material type, surface roughness, physical and chemical structure and material thickness, etc. When measuring the temperature of the target with an infrared radiation thermometer, first measure the infrared radiation amount of the target in its band, and then calculate it by the thermometer The temperature of the measured target. The monochromatic thermometer is proportional to the radiation in the band; the dual-color thermometer is proportional to the ratio of the radiation in the two bands.
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