Intercellular connections play an important role in communication, transportation, signal transduction, waste removal, and water balance. In a European project, the researchers studied how biophysical forces can influence the realization of this series of functions.
In almost all tissues, intercellular communication and signal transduction are achieved through gap junctions or intercellular channels. Gap junctions are composed of pairs of half-channels or connexons, where each linker contains an assembly formed by the assembly of six connexins. Although the function and chemical composition of the gap connection have been well described, little is known about the strength and energy that these structures can support.
The "Biophysical Determination of the Adhesion Strength of Gap Junctions" project aims to use advanced nanotools and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to measure the kinetics and binding strength of intercellular junctions. The project researchers used purified connexins in the reconstructed lipid membrane to obtain biophysical evidence on cell-cell binding.
Project researchers exert force on interacting protein molecules and measure their dissociation characteristics. A fast dissociation rate indicates the presence of dynamic binding, while a slow dissociation rate reflects the reduced flexibility and size of the special structural structure that simulates the extracellular ring. The results of this project were published online in the Journal of Molecular Biology on July 13, 2012.
Biophysical description of protein binding in gap junctions is expected to be the key to understanding the properties of intercellular channels. Crucial to the structural integrity and biochemical integrity of multicellular structures, gap junctions will guide people to develop molecular therapies to treat related diseases in the future.
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