With the popularization of 3D scanning and 3D printing technology , many archaeological and cultural relics protection agencies in the world have begun to introduce this technology, using this technology to protect historical relics, digital archiving of cultural relics, and exploration of ancient relics.
The most direct application of 3D printing technology in the field of archaeological culture is the restoration and reproduction of cultural relics. In the past, copying cultural relics only relied on overturning the mold, which caused a certain loss to the cultural relics. The use of 3D printing technology can directly and accurately print the cultural relics model, which is of great significance to the protection of cultural relics.
As we all know, the unearthed cultural relics are very fragile, not only vulnerable to damage during copying and restoration, but also difficult to go out for exhibitions. In order to avoid the loss of transportation, especially the sculptures are rarely borrowed or toured. . The use of 3D printing technology can solve this problem. 3D scanning and printing of cultural relics will not cause damage to cultural relics. Replicas can be used for external exhibitions, and even allow visitors to touch them at close distances, and have a cultural communication and popular science. profound influence. For example, WASP, the Italian 3D printing company, printed and displayed the body model of Pompeii in 3D.
In the field of historical relics, the application of 3D printing technology is inseparable from 3D scanning technology, and even in some special applications, 3D scanning technology is the key. Such as the exploration of the site, the scanning and archiving of cultural relics, and so on.
In China, it has been a 3D scan of the Buddha statue of the Thousand Buddhas Cliffs and the restoration of the Avalokitesvara. Threeding, an online 3D printing platform, is also dedicated to helping museums in Central and Eastern Europe to scan, copy and archive artifacts. In June of this year, an archaeological project in northern Kenya used 3D scanning and printing technology to replicate the stone fossils of 3.3 million years ago and scanned the entire ancient site into a 3D model for research. The Pompeii case mentioned above is also because of the use of 3D scanning technology, which has made breakthroughs in archaeological research, such as discovering the real cause of death of the ancient city residents, their living conditions before their birth and so on. In addition, through the laser scanning, it is also possible to find patterns on the cultural relics that are invisible to the human eye.
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The digitization of cultural relics is very important for preserving history. Even if accidental damage occurs in the future, it can be repaired or reproduced, especially outdoor cultural relics. After hundreds or even thousands of years of wind, sun and rain, most of them have been weathered. And continue to suffer from erosion, if they do not protect and acquire cultural relic data in time, their style will disappear forever.
The collection of complete 3D scan data can not only save the data to protect cultural relics, but more importantly, the sharing of archaeological information, which allows archaeologists and scholars all over the world to obtain such information for research without causing damage to cultural relics.
On the other hand, the biggest advantage of 3D printing in the reproduction of cultural relics is also the biggest hidden danger. How to control the copying of illegal cultural relics and prevent the influx of counterfeit goods into the market is also open to question.
Overall, the cost of 3D scanning and 3D printing technology is getting lower and lower, the operation is getting easier, and the application of private or public cultural relics will become more and more extensive. 3D scanning and printing technology will eventually be complete for future generations. Save their history.
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