**Huangshan Xueqiao Journal Hotel Capital Development and Hotel Tourism Education**
Qiu Zhusheng, Dong Huangshan College, Tourism Nai, Anhui, Huangshan, 245021
**Abstract**: In the context of strategic competitiveness in tourism hotels during the 21st century, Qiaomiao's sustained competitive advantage stems from the development and utilization of human capital. Wen Xing has proposed several strategies for integrating higher education with industry needs to foster this growth.
**Comment**: In the era of the knowledge economy, enterprise competitiveness increasingly depends on talent. The concept of human capital has gained importance. As a labor-intensive sector, the hotel industry faces challenges such as talent shortages and high turnover. This article explores how college education can enhance human capital in China’s hotel industry, improve its workforce quality, and lay a strong foundation for future development.
**Modern Human Capital Theory and Its Role in the Hotel Industry**
**1.1 Human Capital and Education Investment**
Human capital refers to the investment in individuals' knowledge, skills, and abilities that contribute to productivity. Theodore Schultz, often called the father of human capital theory, emphasized that investments in health, education, training, and migration are key to developing human capital. Education plays a central role in shaping human capital, as it enhances workers’ productivity and increases their value in the labor market.
**1.2 Human Capital and the Development of the Hotel Industry**
With globalization and technological advancements, the hotel industry is undergoing rapid transformation. These changes demand innovation, adaptability, and strong human capital. Unlike tangible assets, human capital provides unique competitive advantages that are hard to replicate. In China, the hotel industry suffers from low-quality labor and insufficient human capital, which limits its growth. Investing in education and training is crucial to address these issues and build a sustainable workforce.
**1.2.1 Enhancing Cognitive Ability and Moral Quality**
Developing human capital improves employees’ cognitive abilities and ethical standards, providing intellectual support and motivation for the hotel industry. Modernization of people is essential for modernizing the hotel industry, as it involves not only technological advancement but also the transformation of attitudes and behaviors.
**1.2.2 Boosting Innovation and Absorption Capacity**
Investing in human capital enables the hotel industry to adopt advanced technologies and management practices. This leads to better decision-making, improved service quality, and stronger economic growth.
**1.2.3 Improving Human Resource Quality**
The hotel industry relies heavily on labor, yet many employees lack the necessary skills and knowledge. Developing human capital ensures a more competent workforce, leading to increased efficiency and long-term growth.
**Hotel Human Capital Development and Hotel Tourism Education**
Despite the importance of human capital, there are misunderstandings about talent development in China’s hotel industry. The disconnect between the tourism sector and educational institutions remains a challenge. Many hotels prefer experienced staff over graduates, and current education systems often fail to meet industry needs.
**2.1 Mistakes in Hotel Human Resources Development**
Many hotels lack long-term strategies for human capital development. They recruit students without clear training plans, leading to underutilization or early attrition. Some managers prioritize practical experience over theoretical knowledge, neglecting the importance of education in building a skilled workforce.
**2.2 Why Hotels Avoid Hiring Tourism Graduates**
Hotels often favor secondary-level graduates over university students, believing that the latter require more training. Tourism majors are expected to manage rather than serve, creating a mismatch. Additionally, many teachers lack real-world experience, and the education system is outdated, failing to prepare students for the industry.
**Reforming Hotel Tourism Education**
To bridge the gap between education and industry, hotels and universities must collaborate. Schools should focus on practical training, internships, and curriculum updates to better align with industry demands. By investing in education, both sectors can develop a more qualified and motivated workforce.
**3.1 Cultivating High-Quality Talent**
Hotels need employees who can quickly adapt and contribute. Universities should provide pre-employment training that includes company culture, values, and operational procedures. This reduces costs and improves efficiency.
**3.2 Training Practical Talents**
Tourism colleges should adjust their teaching systems to emphasize practical skills. Internships, case studies, and role-playing methods can enhance students’ understanding of real-world scenarios. Schools must also establish stable internship bases to give students hands-on experience.
**3.3 Developing Specialized Talents**
Different institutions can focus on specific areas, such as hotel management, marketing, design, or finance. By leveraging their strengths, schools can produce specialized graduates who meet industry needs.
**3.4 Enhancing Teacher Quality**
High-quality education requires well-trained faculty. Teachers should gain industry experience through partnerships with hotels, improving their ability to deliver relevant and up-to-date instruction. Encouraging collaboration between academia and the industry will further strengthen education.
**Conclusion**
Investing in human capital is essential for the sustainable growth of the hotel industry. Through education reform, collaboration between schools and businesses, and a focus on practical training, China’s hotel sector can build a skilled and competitive workforce. This will not only improve service quality but also support broader economic development.
**References**
- Schultz, T. W. *The Economic Value of Education*. Peking University Press, 2001.
- Wang Huajiao et al. *Analysis of Human Resources and Practical Thinking*. China’s Human Resources Development, 2003.
- Qiao. *On the Cleverness of Manpower and Its Use*. Zhongqiao Human Resources Development, 2003.
- Zhang Hua, Lei Shizhen. *Guangdong Tourism Xuezhi He “Big Explosion Flower Cityâ€*. China’s Tourism, 2002/12.
- Hu Lai. *Cultivating Specialized Talents Should Focus on Social Needs*. China Tourismization, 2003/14.
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