Instrument analysis laboratories generally have higher requirements for indoors than chemical laboratories. Instrument analysis laboratories generally have air conditioning requirements, such as constant temperature and humidity, air purification, airflow, and exhaust. In areas with humid climates, moisture protection is required. For early laboratories, several infrared lamps, small dehumidifiers, window air conditioners, and small independent cabinet air conditioners were used. Modern laboratories conditionally use central air conditioning systems. For instruments and equipment that require high vibration isolation, in addition to considering the location of the laboratory, it is also necessary to consider setting up independent equipment vibration isolation foundation and vibration isolation measures. Instrument analysis laboratories generally require both AC and DC power supplies, as well as single-phase and three-phase power sockets, and often have voltage regulation requirements. Some also have requirements for preventing electromagnetic interference, such as grounding and electromagnetic shielding. Some needs have cooling water and various gas supplies, including vacuum and compressed air, protective gas and carrier gas. The building decoration standards of instrument analysis laboratories are usually considered higher; paint coatings or wall skirts for walls; wood floors, ceramic floors, plastic floors, and marble floors for floors; laboratory benches: for sample processing The laboratory worktable can refer to the chemical experiment table; if the worktable for placing the instrument needs to be stable, it can adopt all-steel structure or steel-wood structure and anti-static countertop, etc. Similarly, the laboratory requires dust and corrosion protection, and should be given sufficient attention and properly resolved.
2.6.2.1 Requirements of instrument analysis laboratory The instrument analysis laboratory mainly sets up various large-scale precision analysis instruments, as well as ordinary small analyzers. Most of these analysis rooms are composed of several small rooms, and the size and number of the composition rooms vary with various types of instruments; even for the same type of instruments, if their models are different, their requirements are often different, and sometimes there will be large differences.
Composition of instrument analysis laboratory The composition of instrument analysis laboratory includes analysis instrument room, sample processing room, dark room, research room, dressing room, machine room, etc.
2.6.2.2 The plane layout of the instrument analysis laboratory The instrument analysis laboratory generally has the requirements of anti-vibration, dust-proof, relatively constant room temperature and certain humidity. In the specific design, it should meet the requirements of the instrument product specification.
Instrument analysis laboratories can usually be arranged along the outer wall like the basic laboratories, or they can be concentrated in a certain area. This is conducive to connecting with the various research laboratories and basic laboratories, and can also consider such aspects as air conditioning and protection Measures. For a certain scientific research project, for the convenience of experimental research, the instrumental analysis laboratory may also consider distributing according to the scientific research project, so that the same analytical instrument room must have multiple groups in one building. In addition, in an experimental building with a centralized air-conditioning system, it is more advantageous not to install special auxiliary laboratories along the outer walls.
2.6.2.3 Interior decoration of instrument analysis room
2.6.2.3.1 Floor Small ordinary instrument analysis room can meet the needs by using a general fixed floor, but for large precision instrument analysis laboratories, such as X fluorescence spectrometry room, mass spectrometry room, ion probe room, etc. The pipeline is complicated, and the raised floor is required. When adopting the method of sending down and sending up air, the space under the raised floor can also be used as the static pressure box for air supply. The general floor structure has the following types.
(1) Shield type When the number of cables is small, they can be ligated into bundles and can be used for open wire wiring. To prevent the wires from being damaged, a shield can be added to the wires. The height of the shield does not interfere with the door of the cabinet Switch is appropriate.
(2) The trench type only makes a trench under the floor through which the cable passes. The size of the trench is generally 250 mm wide and 150 mm deep. The trench cover is divided into blocks and made into a movable cover. A few aluminum flat handles are installed To open.
(3) Raised floor, also known as assembled floor, is composed of panel blocks of various specifications and materials, adjustable supports, beams, cushions, etc. The raised floor is laid overhead on the floor of the instrument room for installation of equipment, laying various criss-cross pipelines, cables and air-conditioning static pressure boxes.
The raised floor should have good mechanical properties, light weight, high strength, smooth surface, stable dimensions, flexible interchangeability, good decorative and texture, and can meet the requirements of moisture resistance, flame retardant, anticorrosion and so on. The raised floor is divided into two types: anti-static type and non-anti-static type.
Use requirements and characteristics of raised floor:
1. Regardless of the shape and area of ​​the room, it can be assembled easily and quickly.
2. Free access to electrical wiring and air ducts for easy installation and maintenance.
3. Load-bearing capacity ≥800KG / M2.
4. Meet fire protection requirements.
5. It can let static electricity leak to the ground and reflect electromagnetic radiation.
6. The detachable boards on the floor can be interchanged and have a higher manufacturing precision, so as to achieve the required tightness when using the space under the floor as an electrostatic box for air conditioning.
7. The surface of the board is noise-free and wear-resistant, and can be scrubbed and dry-wetted (with a vacuum cleaner).
8. Use the adjustable support to find the unevenness of the plane.
2.6.2.3.2 Doors and windows (1) For rooms with air conditioning and cleanliness requirements, sealed and insulated one-way spring doors or automatic door closers should be used and opened to the room. Soundproof doors should be used for doors with strong noise and open to the computer room.
(2) When the rooms with air conditioning and cleanliness requirements are installed outside, they should be double-layer closed windows. When aluminum alloy windows or plastic steel windows are used, single-layer sealed windows with insulating glass can be used to ensure the thermal performance of the surrounding wall structure.
(3) The outdoor window of the instrument should face north. If restricted by conditions, when the windows are opened to the east, south and west, measures such as shading and curtains should be taken to prevent direct exposure and avoid glare.
(4) The doors of each room should ensure easy access for personnel and equipment.
2.6.2.3.3 Interior decoration requirements (1) The interior decoration of the precision instrument analysis room and the main auxiliary room should use easy-to-clean, dust-free and inflammable materials, and the walls and ceiling surface should be flat to reduce the dust accumulation surface Insulation, sound insulation and sound absorption effects. The ground material should be flat, wear-resistant, easy to remove dust, and take anti-static measures as required.
(2) The interior decoration of general auxiliary rooms can be designed according to the purpose of the room and the relevant standards.
(3) Various indoor pipelines should be laid in dark. When the pipeline passes through the floor slab, a technical shaft should be installed.
(4) The air vents, lamps, fire detectors and fire extinguisher nozzles installed on the indoor ceiling, and various boxes and boxes on the wall should be arranged in a coordinated manner to be neat and beautiful.
(5) Apart from fixed partitions, it is better to use flexible partitions to meet the needs of instrument renewal, reconstruction and expansion.
(6) Indoor colors should be elegant and soft, with a fresh and quiet effect, and large areas of strong colors should not be used. Matte or matte surfaces should be used for furniture in the visual office and in the room.
2.6.2.1 Requirements of instrument analysis laboratory The instrument analysis laboratory mainly sets up various large-scale precision analysis instruments, as well as ordinary small analyzers. Most of these analysis rooms are composed of several small rooms, and the size and number of the composition rooms vary with various types of instruments; even for the same type of instruments, if their models are different, their requirements are often different, and sometimes there will be large differences.
Composition of instrument analysis laboratory The composition of instrument analysis laboratory includes analysis instrument room, sample processing room, dark room, research room, dressing room, machine room, etc.
2.6.2.2 The plane layout of the instrument analysis laboratory The instrument analysis laboratory generally has the requirements of anti-vibration, dust-proof, relatively constant room temperature and certain humidity. In the specific design, it should meet the requirements of the instrument product specification.
Instrument analysis laboratories can usually be arranged along the outer wall like the basic laboratories, or they can be concentrated in a certain area. This is conducive to connecting with the various research laboratories and basic laboratories, and can also consider such aspects as air conditioning and protection Measures. For a certain scientific research project, for the convenience of experimental research, the instrumental analysis laboratory may also consider distributing according to the scientific research project, so that the same analytical instrument room must have multiple groups in one building. In addition, in an experimental building with a centralized air-conditioning system, it is more advantageous not to install special auxiliary laboratories along the outer walls.
2.6.2.3 Interior decoration of instrument analysis room
2.6.2.3.1 Floor Small ordinary instrument analysis room can meet the needs by using a general fixed floor, but for large precision instrument analysis laboratories, such as X fluorescence spectrometry room, mass spectrometry room, ion probe room, etc. The pipeline is complicated, and the raised floor is required. When adopting the method of sending down and sending up air, the space under the raised floor can also be used as the static pressure box for air supply. The general floor structure has the following types.
(1) Shield type When the number of cables is small, they can be ligated into bundles and can be used for open wire wiring. To prevent the wires from being damaged, a shield can be added to the wires. The height of the shield does not interfere with the door of the cabinet Switch is appropriate.
(2) The trench type only makes a trench under the floor through which the cable passes. The size of the trench is generally 250 mm wide and 150 mm deep. The trench cover is divided into blocks and made into a movable cover. A few aluminum flat handles are installed To open.
(3) Raised floor, also known as assembled floor, is composed of panel blocks of various specifications and materials, adjustable supports, beams, cushions, etc. The raised floor is laid overhead on the floor of the instrument room for installation of equipment, laying various criss-cross pipelines, cables and air-conditioning static pressure boxes.
The raised floor should have good mechanical properties, light weight, high strength, smooth surface, stable dimensions, flexible interchangeability, good decorative and texture, and can meet the requirements of moisture resistance, flame retardant, anticorrosion and so on. The raised floor is divided into two types: anti-static type and non-anti-static type.
Use requirements and characteristics of raised floor:
1. Regardless of the shape and area of ​​the room, it can be assembled easily and quickly.
2. Free access to electrical wiring and air ducts for easy installation and maintenance.
3. Load-bearing capacity ≥800KG / M2.
4. Meet fire protection requirements.
5. It can let static electricity leak to the ground and reflect electromagnetic radiation.
6. The detachable boards on the floor can be interchanged and have a higher manufacturing precision, so as to achieve the required tightness when using the space under the floor as an electrostatic box for air conditioning.
7. The surface of the board is noise-free and wear-resistant, and can be scrubbed and dry-wetted (with a vacuum cleaner).
8. Use the adjustable support to find the unevenness of the plane.
2.6.2.3.2 Doors and windows (1) For rooms with air conditioning and cleanliness requirements, sealed and insulated one-way spring doors or automatic door closers should be used and opened to the room. Soundproof doors should be used for doors with strong noise and open to the computer room.
(2) When the rooms with air conditioning and cleanliness requirements are installed outside, they should be double-layer closed windows. When aluminum alloy windows or plastic steel windows are used, single-layer sealed windows with insulating glass can be used to ensure the thermal performance of the surrounding wall structure.
(3) The outdoor window of the instrument should face north. If restricted by conditions, when the windows are opened to the east, south and west, measures such as shading and curtains should be taken to prevent direct exposure and avoid glare.
(4) The doors of each room should ensure easy access for personnel and equipment.
2.6.2.3.3 Interior decoration requirements (1) The interior decoration of the precision instrument analysis room and the main auxiliary room should use easy-to-clean, dust-free and inflammable materials, and the walls and ceiling surface should be flat to reduce the dust accumulation surface Insulation, sound insulation and sound absorption effects. The ground material should be flat, wear-resistant, easy to remove dust, and take anti-static measures as required.
(2) The interior decoration of general auxiliary rooms can be designed according to the purpose of the room and the relevant standards.
(3) Various indoor pipelines should be laid in dark. When the pipeline passes through the floor slab, a technical shaft should be installed.
(4) The air vents, lamps, fire detectors and fire extinguisher nozzles installed on the indoor ceiling, and various boxes and boxes on the wall should be arranged in a coordinated manner to be neat and beautiful.
(5) Apart from fixed partitions, it is better to use flexible partitions to meet the needs of instrument renewal, reconstruction and expansion.
(6) Indoor colors should be elegant and soft, with a fresh and quiet effect, and large areas of strong colors should not be used. Matte or matte surfaces should be used for furniture in the visual office and in the room.
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