Without modern packaging machinery, there is no modern packaging industry. This article analyzes the status quo of China's packaging machinery, and analyzes the technological level and development trend of packaging machinery in the United States, Japan, Germany, and Italy. The development trend of packaging machinery in the 21st century is forecasted, and the development strategy of packaging machinery in China is pointed out.
First, the status quo of the development of packaging machinery in developed countries In the 1980s, developed countries in order to maintain the domestic packaging machinery market and expand export capacity,
Actively adopt new technologies in other fields (such as microelectronics, lasers, heat pipes, new materials, etc.), and create a critical era for the new situation of packaging machinery. The packaging machinery production in Europe and the United States is dominated by large and medium-sized enterprises, and the competitive strength in the international market is expanded by means of joint operations. The European and American manufacturers pay attention to the transactions and sales at the exhibition in their operations. In the development policy, they do not pay much attention to the varieties of the company's products, but focus on increasing the research and improving the performance on the basis of the original varieties. Japan's packaging machinery manufacturers are mainly SMEs. Japan is the best microelectronics technology, use it to control the packaging machine, to achieve high security, unmanned operation, high productivity, greatly enhance the competitiveness of the international market. The United States, Japan, Germany, and Italy are the world's top four packaging machinery.
1. The United States and the United States are the countries with a long history of development of packaging machinery in the world. They have already formed an independent and complete packaging machinery system, and their varieties and output rank first in the world. The packaging machinery of the United States is tightly integrated with the computer to realize the control of electromechanical integration. According to statistics from the World Packaging Machinery Association (COPAM A), the global sales of packaging machinery in 1997 was US$18 billion, of which US manufacturers accounted for US$5 billion, which was approximately 28% of the total. According to recent statistics, U.S. packaging machinery accounts for 1% of U.S. industrial machinery. In 1995, the output value of packaging machinery in the United States was 4.02 billion U.S. dollars, and the output value of industrial machinery was 353.6 billion U.S. dollars, with a ratio of 1.1%. In 1996, the ratio was 1.2%. The size of the US domestic packaging machinery market is also among the best in the world. It was US$3.2 billion in 1992, more than US$4 billion in 1995, US$4.39 billion in 1996, and US$4.83 billion in 1998. The volume of U.S. packaging machinery exports was also relatively large. In 1998, U.S. exports of packaging machinery to China amounted to US$37.78 million, an increase of 4.01 times compared to the US$6.41 million in 1992. China has become the sixth largest export market for packaging machinery in the United States after Canada, Mexico, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Germany.
2. Compared with the United States and Germany, Japan and Japan started late, and packaging equipment has undergone the process of introduction-digestion-development. It has absorbed the strengths of foreign countries and improved it. It has now become the second largest packaging machinery producer in the world after the United States. . In 1992, the output value reached 467 billion yen, which has declined in recent years. In 1995, it was 428 billion yen and in 1996 it rose back to 440 billion yen. Asia is Japan's major export market for packaging machinery. In 1996, Japan’s chartered exports to Asia were 22.1 billion yen, an increase of 22% over the previous year. The proportion of total exports also increased from 59% at the end of 1994 to 65% in 1996 from 60% in 1995. Since the 1990s, Japan’s export volume of packaging machinery to China has increased significantly year after year, from 1.28 billion yen in 1991 to 4.04 billion yen in 1993 and 5.94 billion yen in 1995, respectively. In 1996, it increased by 1.4 billion yen. Since 1995, China has replaced the United States as the largest exporter of Japanese packaging machinery. In 1996, Japan’s export of packaging machinery to China was 7.34 billion yen, accounting for 21.6% of total exports. In other words, one of the five packaging machines exported by Japan is sold to China.
3. German and German packaging equipment has a leading position in measurement, manufacturing, and technical performance. In particular, beer and beverage filling equipment are characterized by high speed, complete packaging, high degree of automation, and good reliability, and are well-known throughout the world. Such as Hassiag, Boob, Rovema and other large companies in the collection machine, electricity, liquid and computer control in one, using photoelectric sensors, control the length of the bag by the cursor, and equipped with anti-static devices. The speed of the bag packaging machine reaches 160 bags/minute, the maximum packaging capacity of the large-scale automatic packaging machine UPM-600 is up to 80L, and the bag size is up to 800mm x 200mm, and can be used for bag making, weighing, filling, vacuuming, and sealing. Completed on a single machine. Teep ach C o. (Tea Packaging Company) produces the world's highest speed tea packaging machine with a speed of 350 bags per minute.
4. Italy Italy is the world's largest producer of packaging machinery after the United States, Japan, and Germany.
It is also the second largest exporter of packaging machinery after Germany. Its packaging equipment is used in the food industry. It has excellent performance, elegant appearance and low price. Exports of packaging machinery from Italy to China have grown rapidly, from 906 billion liras in 1993 to 203.7 billion lire in 1994 and 301.4 billion lire in 1995, an average annual growth rate of 66%, on the list of Italian exports, China Jumped from fifth place in 1993 to second place in 1995.
two. The status quo of China's packaging machinery and its differences from the international level, according to incomplete statistics in 1986, there were only 1,062 packaging machinery enterprises above the county level, and the total industrial output value was 2.78 billion yuan. In the 1990s, the entire industry achieved rapid development with an average annual growth rate of 30%. According to the statistics of the China Food and Packaging Machinery Industry Association in 1994, there were 1,540 packaging machinery manufacturers in China at that time, the total output value of the packaging machinery industry was 2.556 billion yuan, the total output of packaging machinery was 258,420 units, among which 17,112 were packaging container manufacturing machinery. 213,303 direct packaging machinery, packaging and decoration printing machinery 10,508, 7493 auxiliary packaging machinery. According to the third national industrial census data of the Planning Department of China National Packaging Corporation, in 1995, the total output of packaging machinery was 489,569, of which 29,514 were for packaging container manufacturing machinery, 455,284 for direct packaging machinery, and 4,771 for special packaging machinery. At the end of 1997, the country increased to more than 1600 manufacturers engaged in packaging machinery. At the same time, there were 75 scientific research institutes engaged in the research and development of packaging machinery, and another 21 institutions of higher learning engaged in teaching and research of packaging machinery.
1. The gap in product technology China's packaging industry has long been in a state of low productivity, low main technology, small scale, free and scattered production, low level of corporate management, and insufficient state investment. Most companies are still in need of technology. The crucial period of transformation, technological innovation, improvement of product quality, modernization management, and institutional transition. The restructuring of the packaging industry, technological upgrading, product replacement, economies of scale, rational distribution, and conversion of business systems are still important issues in the new century.
The gap between China's packaging machinery products and developed countries is mainly reflected in the poor control technology and product reliability, and the slow pace of technological renewal. The scope of promotion of new technologies, new materials, and new technologies is too narrow. The overall level is 20 years behind that of developed countries. Now only 5% of China's packaging machinery products can reach the level of developed countries in the early 1990s, and 20% of products can only compare with foreign products of the 1980s, and the rest 60 % can only reach the level of foreign 70s.
China's packaging machinery is at a disadvantage in competition with imported products in terms of product development, performance, quality, reliability, price, and service, and cannot withstand the influx of imported products. In imported equipment, high-tech or large-scale equipment is generally used, but most of them cannot be manufactured or meet the technical requirements for use in China. Such as aseptic packaging machine large-scale high-speed beverage filling machine, labeling machine, combined electronic scales. Although some domestic equipment can also be manufactured, the reliability is not good, and the quality of food produced and the shelf life are not as good as imported equipment, such as ice cream packaging machines. The import and export ratio of packaging machinery varies greatly. Take 1998 as an example: the import and export volume of packaging machinery totaled 1.48 billion U.S. dollars, the total import volume was 1.44 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 21.3% over 1997, and the export volume was only 45 million U.S. dollars. The U.S. dollar fell by 8.9% from 1997, and imports were nearly 33 times that of exports. According to China's export products in 1998, most of our exports are low-grade, low-value-added or labor-intensive products, while imported products are large-scale complete sets of equipment and high-tech products.
2. Differences in Product Variety The foreign packaging machinery products develop on the one hand to high-precision and large-scale development; on the other hand, they develop in the direction of multi-functions. At present, there are about 2,300 varieties of foreign packaging machinery products, and the number of product varieties is numerous, and there are many New development. For example, the Italian ILAPAK company's low-dose particle packaging machine adopts mechanical drum type metering, continuous sealing and cutting, one machine multi-station, the packaging speed can reach 120 bags/minute, and its control system adopts microcomputer and programmable controller. Compared with developed countries, there are only 1300 kinds of packaging machinery products in China, and there are only a small number of packages. The lack of high-precision and large-scale packaging machinery products is still a blank in the two-piece steel tank molding equipment, high-precision electronic measuring devices, high-speed resistance welding machines, and large hollow container molding machines.
3. The gap between production technology and enterprise management At present, foreign packaging machinery companies mostly use CAD/CAM technology, and CNC machining centers and flexible manufacturing systems are also widely used. The management of the technology, production, and sales of packaging machinery companies in developed countries has basically been computerized. However, China's packaging machinery manufacturers have a relatively low level of technical equipment, outdated equipment, low efficiency, and poor accuracy, resulting in a lack of market competitiveness.
III. Challenges faced by packaging machinery in the 21st century In November 1998 at the 98th Packaging Exhibition (PACKEXPO98) in Chicago, the Chairman of the American Packaging Machinery Manufacturers Association (PMM I) Fred Errler spoke in a speech delivered at the opening ceremony. The challenges of the packaging industry entering the 21st century: Globalization, personalized packaging, and flexibility are the most important key factors for packaging machinery entering the 21st century.
1. Globalization In the 21st century, there will be more multinational packaging companies. Global super-suppliers such as Nestle and Procter & Gamble require worldwide support for packaging technology. By the time of the 2008 packaging show, it might be that they participated in the exhibition. A new generation of global packaging suppliers, their application network can quickly respond to the market. In the first few years of the new century, manufacturers in the world market will demand a reliable, sturdy and flexible packaging system to meet the increasingly complex packaging requirements of consumers. In the next few years, e-commerce will be a better business method. The world of networked electronics is boundless. Whether it is packaging specifications, bids, designs, contracts, operating manuals, etc., can be freely transmitted. The powerful technology of the network can bring tremendous business opportunities to the global packaging machinery market. The core business can be completed through the Internet, improve after-sales service, shorten the turnover cycle, and obtain greater benefits from limited resources, so as to achieve the purpose of selling goods. The role of e-commerce in the marketing of packaging machinery is mainly reflected in: it is conducive to the development of the international market, the establishment of 24-hour service, and timely feedback from customers.
2. Personalized packaging In the 21st century, consumers will not be satisfied with today's "convenience packaging" standards. They require containers that are smaller, easier to read, easier to open, easier to reclose and store. These new requirements will set new standards in the market. In the past, standardized and mass-produced containers could no longer meet the requirements. Tomorrow may enter the age of personalized packaging - everything is designed according to personal preferences: personal favorite material, personal size, individual color, individual open/closed features.
3. Flexibility A feature of the world packaging market today is the shift from heavy-duty, rigid containers and simple, dedicated packaging lines to lighter containers and more flexible packaging lines. By the 21st century, packaging engineers will use electronics, computers, lasers, robots, and other new technologies to transform the giant machinery of the past into small packaging systems that are powerful, fast, and flexible. It is believed that its lightweight packaging in the 21st century is made, filled, and sealed by highly flexible packaging machines that can handle a variety of packages and sizes.
four. Measures for the development of packaging machinery in China The development of basic technologies for packaging machinery in the 1.2th century can be inferred from the successful experience of the development of packaging machinery companies in developed countries.
First, the status quo of the development of packaging machinery in developed countries In the 1980s, developed countries in order to maintain the domestic packaging machinery market and expand export capacity,
Actively adopt new technologies in other fields (such as microelectronics, lasers, heat pipes, new materials, etc.), and create a critical era for the new situation of packaging machinery. The packaging machinery production in Europe and the United States is dominated by large and medium-sized enterprises, and the competitive strength in the international market is expanded by means of joint operations. The European and American manufacturers pay attention to the transactions and sales at the exhibition in their operations. In the development policy, they do not pay much attention to the varieties of the company's products, but focus on increasing the research and improving the performance on the basis of the original varieties. Japan's packaging machinery manufacturers are mainly SMEs. Japan is the best microelectronics technology, use it to control the packaging machine, to achieve high security, unmanned operation, high productivity, greatly enhance the competitiveness of the international market. The United States, Japan, Germany, and Italy are the world's top four packaging machinery.
1. The United States and the United States are the countries with a long history of development of packaging machinery in the world. They have already formed an independent and complete packaging machinery system, and their varieties and output rank first in the world. The packaging machinery of the United States is tightly integrated with the computer to realize the control of electromechanical integration. According to statistics from the World Packaging Machinery Association (COPAM A), the global sales of packaging machinery in 1997 was US$18 billion, of which US manufacturers accounted for US$5 billion, which was approximately 28% of the total. According to recent statistics, U.S. packaging machinery accounts for 1% of U.S. industrial machinery. In 1995, the output value of packaging machinery in the United States was 4.02 billion U.S. dollars, and the output value of industrial machinery was 353.6 billion U.S. dollars, with a ratio of 1.1%. In 1996, the ratio was 1.2%. The size of the US domestic packaging machinery market is also among the best in the world. It was US$3.2 billion in 1992, more than US$4 billion in 1995, US$4.39 billion in 1996, and US$4.83 billion in 1998. The volume of U.S. packaging machinery exports was also relatively large. In 1998, U.S. exports of packaging machinery to China amounted to US$37.78 million, an increase of 4.01 times compared to the US$6.41 million in 1992. China has become the sixth largest export market for packaging machinery in the United States after Canada, Mexico, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Germany.
2. Compared with the United States and Germany, Japan and Japan started late, and packaging equipment has undergone the process of introduction-digestion-development. It has absorbed the strengths of foreign countries and improved it. It has now become the second largest packaging machinery producer in the world after the United States. . In 1992, the output value reached 467 billion yen, which has declined in recent years. In 1995, it was 428 billion yen and in 1996 it rose back to 440 billion yen. Asia is Japan's major export market for packaging machinery. In 1996, Japan’s chartered exports to Asia were 22.1 billion yen, an increase of 22% over the previous year. The proportion of total exports also increased from 59% at the end of 1994 to 65% in 1996 from 60% in 1995. Since the 1990s, Japan’s export volume of packaging machinery to China has increased significantly year after year, from 1.28 billion yen in 1991 to 4.04 billion yen in 1993 and 5.94 billion yen in 1995, respectively. In 1996, it increased by 1.4 billion yen. Since 1995, China has replaced the United States as the largest exporter of Japanese packaging machinery. In 1996, Japan’s export of packaging machinery to China was 7.34 billion yen, accounting for 21.6% of total exports. In other words, one of the five packaging machines exported by Japan is sold to China.
3. German and German packaging equipment has a leading position in measurement, manufacturing, and technical performance. In particular, beer and beverage filling equipment are characterized by high speed, complete packaging, high degree of automation, and good reliability, and are well-known throughout the world. Such as Hassiag, Boob, Rovema and other large companies in the collection machine, electricity, liquid and computer control in one, using photoelectric sensors, control the length of the bag by the cursor, and equipped with anti-static devices. The speed of the bag packaging machine reaches 160 bags/minute, the maximum packaging capacity of the large-scale automatic packaging machine UPM-600 is up to 80L, and the bag size is up to 800mm x 200mm, and can be used for bag making, weighing, filling, vacuuming, and sealing. Completed on a single machine. Teep ach C o. (Tea Packaging Company) produces the world's highest speed tea packaging machine with a speed of 350 bags per minute.
4. Italy Italy is the world's largest producer of packaging machinery after the United States, Japan, and Germany.
It is also the second largest exporter of packaging machinery after Germany. Its packaging equipment is used in the food industry. It has excellent performance, elegant appearance and low price. Exports of packaging machinery from Italy to China have grown rapidly, from 906 billion liras in 1993 to 203.7 billion lire in 1994 and 301.4 billion lire in 1995, an average annual growth rate of 66%, on the list of Italian exports, China Jumped from fifth place in 1993 to second place in 1995.
two. The status quo of China's packaging machinery and its differences from the international level, according to incomplete statistics in 1986, there were only 1,062 packaging machinery enterprises above the county level, and the total industrial output value was 2.78 billion yuan. In the 1990s, the entire industry achieved rapid development with an average annual growth rate of 30%. According to the statistics of the China Food and Packaging Machinery Industry Association in 1994, there were 1,540 packaging machinery manufacturers in China at that time, the total output value of the packaging machinery industry was 2.556 billion yuan, the total output of packaging machinery was 258,420 units, among which 17,112 were packaging container manufacturing machinery. 213,303 direct packaging machinery, packaging and decoration printing machinery 10,508, 7493 auxiliary packaging machinery. According to the third national industrial census data of the Planning Department of China National Packaging Corporation, in 1995, the total output of packaging machinery was 489,569, of which 29,514 were for packaging container manufacturing machinery, 455,284 for direct packaging machinery, and 4,771 for special packaging machinery. At the end of 1997, the country increased to more than 1600 manufacturers engaged in packaging machinery. At the same time, there were 75 scientific research institutes engaged in the research and development of packaging machinery, and another 21 institutions of higher learning engaged in teaching and research of packaging machinery.
1. The gap in product technology China's packaging industry has long been in a state of low productivity, low main technology, small scale, free and scattered production, low level of corporate management, and insufficient state investment. Most companies are still in need of technology. The crucial period of transformation, technological innovation, improvement of product quality, modernization management, and institutional transition. The restructuring of the packaging industry, technological upgrading, product replacement, economies of scale, rational distribution, and conversion of business systems are still important issues in the new century.
The gap between China's packaging machinery products and developed countries is mainly reflected in the poor control technology and product reliability, and the slow pace of technological renewal. The scope of promotion of new technologies, new materials, and new technologies is too narrow. The overall level is 20 years behind that of developed countries. Now only 5% of China's packaging machinery products can reach the level of developed countries in the early 1990s, and 20% of products can only compare with foreign products of the 1980s, and the rest 60 % can only reach the level of foreign 70s.
China's packaging machinery is at a disadvantage in competition with imported products in terms of product development, performance, quality, reliability, price, and service, and cannot withstand the influx of imported products. In imported equipment, high-tech or large-scale equipment is generally used, but most of them cannot be manufactured or meet the technical requirements for use in China. Such as aseptic packaging machine large-scale high-speed beverage filling machine, labeling machine, combined electronic scales. Although some domestic equipment can also be manufactured, the reliability is not good, and the quality of food produced and the shelf life are not as good as imported equipment, such as ice cream packaging machines. The import and export ratio of packaging machinery varies greatly. Take 1998 as an example: the import and export volume of packaging machinery totaled 1.48 billion U.S. dollars, the total import volume was 1.44 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 21.3% over 1997, and the export volume was only 45 million U.S. dollars. The U.S. dollar fell by 8.9% from 1997, and imports were nearly 33 times that of exports. According to China's export products in 1998, most of our exports are low-grade, low-value-added or labor-intensive products, while imported products are large-scale complete sets of equipment and high-tech products.
2. Differences in Product Variety The foreign packaging machinery products develop on the one hand to high-precision and large-scale development; on the other hand, they develop in the direction of multi-functions. At present, there are about 2,300 varieties of foreign packaging machinery products, and the number of product varieties is numerous, and there are many New development. For example, the Italian ILAPAK company's low-dose particle packaging machine adopts mechanical drum type metering, continuous sealing and cutting, one machine multi-station, the packaging speed can reach 120 bags/minute, and its control system adopts microcomputer and programmable controller. Compared with developed countries, there are only 1300 kinds of packaging machinery products in China, and there are only a small number of packages. The lack of high-precision and large-scale packaging machinery products is still a blank in the two-piece steel tank molding equipment, high-precision electronic measuring devices, high-speed resistance welding machines, and large hollow container molding machines.
3. The gap between production technology and enterprise management At present, foreign packaging machinery companies mostly use CAD/CAM technology, and CNC machining centers and flexible manufacturing systems are also widely used. The management of the technology, production, and sales of packaging machinery companies in developed countries has basically been computerized. However, China's packaging machinery manufacturers have a relatively low level of technical equipment, outdated equipment, low efficiency, and poor accuracy, resulting in a lack of market competitiveness.
III. Challenges faced by packaging machinery in the 21st century In November 1998 at the 98th Packaging Exhibition (PACKEXPO98) in Chicago, the Chairman of the American Packaging Machinery Manufacturers Association (PMM I) Fred Errler spoke in a speech delivered at the opening ceremony. The challenges of the packaging industry entering the 21st century: Globalization, personalized packaging, and flexibility are the most important key factors for packaging machinery entering the 21st century.
1. Globalization In the 21st century, there will be more multinational packaging companies. Global super-suppliers such as Nestle and Procter & Gamble require worldwide support for packaging technology. By the time of the 2008 packaging show, it might be that they participated in the exhibition. A new generation of global packaging suppliers, their application network can quickly respond to the market. In the first few years of the new century, manufacturers in the world market will demand a reliable, sturdy and flexible packaging system to meet the increasingly complex packaging requirements of consumers. In the next few years, e-commerce will be a better business method. The world of networked electronics is boundless. Whether it is packaging specifications, bids, designs, contracts, operating manuals, etc., can be freely transmitted. The powerful technology of the network can bring tremendous business opportunities to the global packaging machinery market. The core business can be completed through the Internet, improve after-sales service, shorten the turnover cycle, and obtain greater benefits from limited resources, so as to achieve the purpose of selling goods. The role of e-commerce in the marketing of packaging machinery is mainly reflected in: it is conducive to the development of the international market, the establishment of 24-hour service, and timely feedback from customers.
2. Personalized packaging In the 21st century, consumers will not be satisfied with today's "convenience packaging" standards. They require containers that are smaller, easier to read, easier to open, easier to reclose and store. These new requirements will set new standards in the market. In the past, standardized and mass-produced containers could no longer meet the requirements. Tomorrow may enter the age of personalized packaging - everything is designed according to personal preferences: personal favorite material, personal size, individual color, individual open/closed features.
3. Flexibility A feature of the world packaging market today is the shift from heavy-duty, rigid containers and simple, dedicated packaging lines to lighter containers and more flexible packaging lines. By the 21st century, packaging engineers will use electronics, computers, lasers, robots, and other new technologies to transform the giant machinery of the past into small packaging systems that are powerful, fast, and flexible. It is believed that its lightweight packaging in the 21st century is made, filled, and sealed by highly flexible packaging machines that can handle a variety of packages and sizes.
four. Measures for the development of packaging machinery in China The development of basic technologies for packaging machinery in the 1.2th century can be inferred from the successful experience of the development of packaging machinery companies in developed countries.
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