4 culprits that affect ink viscosity during printing

If the viscosity of solvent-based gravure printing ink is too low, it can lead to various printing issues such as pinholes on the printed surface, uneven large-area color blocks, and a lack of smoothness. This may result in a false appearance or visible halos around printed areas. When printing on smooth substrates, the ink may not adhere properly, while on paper, it can cause flaking and dusting. On the other hand, if the ink’s viscosity is too high, it can cause problems like scratches, ink lifting (bite), poor adhesion (paste), and an uneven texture known as "orange peel." These defects can significantly affect print quality and overall aesthetics. Several factors influence the viscosity of solvent-based gravure printing inks: 1. **Resin Viscosity**: The base resin plays a key role. If the resin has a high viscosity, the ink will be thicker, and vice versa. 2. **Pigment and Resin Compatibility**: The interaction between the pigment and the resin solution is critical. A coagulation reaction between them can increase the ink's viscosity, while good compatibility leads to lower viscosity. 3. **Solvent and Dispersion Mixing**: The ability of the solvent to mix with the dispersion affects the ink’s flow properties. If the solvent can dilute the dispersion easily, the ink remains thin; otherwise, it becomes more viscous. 4. **Temperature**: Viscosity is also affected by temperature. Lower temperatures tend to increase ink viscosity, making it harder to apply smoothly, while higher temperatures reduce it. Understanding and controlling these factors is essential for achieving consistent and high-quality prints in gravure printing. Proper formulation and environmental control can help maintain optimal ink performance and prevent common printing defects.

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