The material specifications for a softball field should align with those used in road construction. Natural turf materials must meet the standards required for garden planting, while synthetic materials must also comply with environmental protection regulations.
**Natural Grass Materials**
1) **Soil Quality**: The soil used for natural turf should be a well-graded sandy soil with excellent particle size distribution. It should allow for good water and air permeability, ensuring that rainwater drains quickly and does not accumulate on the surface. This helps maintain a stable grass bed and supports healthy seedling growth.
2) **Grass Seedlings**: The requirements for natural grass seedlings can follow the guidelines outlined in the construction and maintenance standards for football fields.
**Artificial Turf Field Materials**
1) The height of artificial grass blades should be over 4 cm, with no more than 1 cm exposed above the surface.
2) In artificial turf installations, the base layer can be filled with sand, while the top layer must be filled with black crumb rubber.
**Artificial Turf Base Material**
Artificial turf can be installed on a base made from road construction materials such as asphalt concrete or cement concrete.
**Soil Material Requirements**
The surface of the softball field is typically constructed using artificially treated soil. Due to the high performance standards required, it is often difficult to meet the criteria of natural soil or mixed-color raw materials.
The specific requirements for soil materials are as follows:
1) **Soil Particle Size Distribution Table**
| Sieve (mm) | 10 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.075 |
|------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|
| Throughput (%) | 100 | 83–98 | 68–79 | 57–71 | 45–57 | 26–33 | 9.8–11.6 |
2) **Soil Color**: The soil should be brownish-yellow or orange-red, produced by processing natural soil through sintering, crushing, and adding appropriate additives.
3) **Soil Liquid and Plastic Limits**:
- Plasticity Index: 8–12
- Liquid Limit Index: 30–35
4) **Dry Density of Soil**: 1.6–1.7 g/cm³
5) **Soil Additives**:
- Maximum amount of curing agent should be used as specified.
- The soil must not contain any dyes or environmentally polluting materials.
**Gravel Material Requirements**
- Maximum particle size: 10 cm
- Particles smaller than 5 mm should not exceed 30% by volume.
- Clay content should not exceed 10% of the mass of particles smaller than 5 mm.
These specifications ensure that the softball field is durable, safe, and suitable for regular use, providing an optimal playing surface for athletes.
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