On June 23, 2008, the “2008 Fiberboard Industry Technology Development Forum†hosted by the Science and Technology Development Center of the State Forestry Administration and the China Forest Products Industry Association was held in Jinxiu Villa, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province. In the same period, the 4th General Assembly of the Fiber Board Professional Committee of China Forestry Industry Association was held.
The forum aims to put the technological development of the fiberboard industry into the overall situation of economic globalization and national economic development, jointly grasp the development status, plan development ideas, propose development measures, analyze existing problems, and improve the quality of fiberboard products. It plays an important role in safety, energy saving, low consumption, no pollution, high efficiency and economic development.
The conference will discuss topics such as advanced technology exchange in the wood-based panel industry, research and production of high-tech, exchange of on-site management experience, recognition of the fiberboard industry technology progress project, revision of the fiberboard professional committee management method, and the regular meeting of the fiberboard professional committee. At the forum, Fu Yuejin, deputy director of the National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Wood-based Panels and Wood Bamboo Products, gave us a report on "Quality Status and Analysis of Fiberboard in China in Recent Years".
Time: June 23
Location: Jinxiu Villa, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province
Theme: 08 Fiberboard Industry Technology Development Forum · Quality Status and Analysis of China's Fiberboard in Recent Years
Fu Yuejin, deputy director of the National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Wood-based Panels and Wood Products: The Quality Status and Analysis of China's Fiberboard in Recent Years
First, the fiberboard industry summary
After more than 20 years of construction and development, China's medium density fiberboard industry has become a wood-based panel industry with standardized production, mature product quality and broad market. According to reports, in 2000, China's annual output of MDF reached 5.14 million m3, surpassing the United States, which ranked first in the world in terms of MDF production, and became the largest country in global MDF production. By the end of 2005, China had built and put into operation a total of 520 MDF production lines with a total production capacity of 22 million m3 and actual output of 18.54 million m3 [1]. At the same time, in the process of development, a number of large-scale, high-quality enterprises have emerged. For example, in 2006, 7 brands of MDF products were included in the list of China's famous brand products. With the continuous growth of China's real estate industry and the rapid development of global economic integration, MDF applications and markets continue to expand, MDF industry will play an increasingly important role in the development of China's national economy [2-3]. However, due to the rapid development of China's MDF in the 1990s, there are still problems such as unreasonable corporate layout, weak technical strength, single product type and structure, and there is still a certain gap compared with similar foreign products.
In terms of production, China is a big country in fiberboard production; but in terms of fiberboard variety, function and research and development capabilities, China is not a strong fiber production country.
Second, the main quality problems
1. Poor raw materials: use sanding powder, corner residual material (fiberboard scrap), discarded furniture board, etc., and mix bark, wood powder, decaying materials and so on. Poor fiber morphology results in poor strength and poor appearance.
2, thickness deviation: the imported line sanding light margin is small, the domestic line sanding light margin is large, even up to 2.0mm. Reason: paving equipment and paving quality, fiber agglomeration, not fully separated evenly, with impurities and so on.
3, pre-solidified layer thickness: wasted material; sanding is not enough, resulting in low surface bonding strength, according to our statistics, 1.2MPa accounted for about 20%, 0.8MPa~1.2MPa accounted for the vast majority.
4, sanding or paving asymmetry: sheet deformation - tile bending deformation.
5, density deviation: density deviation index objectively, the MDF is stronger than the particle board. However, there are also large differences, and the measured values ​​of the specimens are not the same. The ordinary board is ±7mm, and the floor board is required to be high, ±4mm. Density deviations lead to assembly height differences and floor surface quality. Reason: uneven spreading, uneven fiber raw materials, etc.
6, water absorption thickness expansion rate: the enterprise to reduce costs, do not put or put less curing agent, reflected in two aspects: 1 is the difference between the test piece indicators: the curing agent is not uniform; 2 the average is too high: no or Add less curing agent. Use problems found in cabinets and furniture.
7, the grip screw force is not good: data analysis shows that the index has decreased compared with the previous, previously 1600 ~ 1700N, currently generally between 1100 ~ 1200N. Positive and side detection values ​​are similar, and positive problems are more prominent. At present, panel furniture rarely screws directly, but there are many interior decoration, and there are fewer screws on the side. However, there are generally connecting pieces for assembly and combination. The difference in holding screw force tends to cause the plate to crack and affect the service life. Reason: Raw materials are getting worse.
8. Insufficient static intensity: There are more problems with the old line and fewer problems with the imported line. This indicator has also decreased compared with the previous one. For example, the fiberboard for the floor substrate has previously reached more than 40 MPa, and currently 8 mm is about 35 MPa, and 12 mm is about 30 MPa.
Cause: The raw materials are falling, and the fibers are getting worse and shorter.
9. The problem of formaldehyde emission: This indicator has been significantly improved in recent years. The national spot check data shows that the pass rate of less than 50% in the mid-1990s to the pass rate of more than 95% in 2005. At present, there are basically no problems in mainstream enterprises. Some small enterprises still have certain problems due to technical equipment and processes. E2 grade (≤30mg/100g) is about 70%, and the value is more than 20~30; E1 grade (≤9mg/100g) is about 20%.
Reasons: The technology of adhesives has increased, enterprises have paid attention to the indicators of formaldehyde emission, consumers have understood the harmful substances, and the state has promoted the strong targets.
Third, the main reason summary
Raw materials: Raw materials are getting harder to collect, the quality is getting worse, the diameter is getting smaller and smaller, and the impurities are getting more and more.
Equipment: Coexistence of backward equipment and advanced equipment, and the coexistence of imported equipment and domestic equipment.
The willingness and positioning of the enterprise: there is a market, there is demand, and there is no desire and motivation for long-term development.
Fourth, functional plate species
1, the scope of use
The indoor panels account for an absolute majority, at least 95%, mainly used in the production of furniture, wooden doors and cabinets.
Moisture-proof fiberboard: There are fewer domestic products. The company makes the color of the product green. In fact, the actual effect is not the moisture-proof board.
Structural and outdoor fiberboard: less, the basic gap in the country. Have tried, but the effect is not good.
In addition, the use of the fiberboard is extensively widened, such as immersion treatment, anti-corrosion treatment, and the like.
2, special function points
Flame-retardant fiberboard: At present, some enterprises in China are trying to produce, not very mature, the key is that the standards and testing methods have not kept up. The Ministry of Public Security standard GB 20286-2006 stipulates that the construction and decoration of public places must have flame retardant requirements, and it is mandatory. Please pay attention to the future.
Aromatic fiberboard: Adding spices, which give off aroma during use, have been tried.
V. Summary
At present, the survival of fiberboard enterprises has both opportunities and challenges. On the one hand, the product market is ok, and on the other hand, the shortage of raw materials has led to the shortage of many factories. For example, enterprises in Shandong have more enterprises trapped in raw materials. .
In addition, in recent years, new plants have been launched or put into production. Enterprises have continuously occupied new raw material bases and extended to the southwest and central regions.
The agglomeration effect of leading enterprises is becoming more and more obvious, and it is a test for small and medium-sized enterprises. More personalized products than before, floor substrates, thin plates, thick plates and other production more than before. The industry is also facing shuffling and combination.
Recommendation: Strive to improve quality - quality is the life of the company. Establish your own raw material base, integrate forest boards, and establish a long-term basis to be a “landlordâ€. Focus on improving the brand and believe in the power of the brand. Equipment transformation and upgrade, efficiency and quality are equally important. Emphasis on innovation, innovation is the soul of enterprise development, innovation has mechanism innovation, technological innovation, etc., from management, technological innovation, to obtain new profit growth points. Product quality, specifications and diversification, how to produce non-standard plates, for example, a company some time ago asked us to have 2700mm × 1700mm specifications of fiberboard, a large number of such specifications to export to Eastern Europe, the results of many domestic companies can not do.
Sixth, China's national supervision and spot checks in recent years
In the four years of 1995, 1997, 2003 and 2006, China organized four times of supervision and spot checks on the quality of MDF products in the national production field.
1. Product sampling pass rate
In 1995 and 1997, due to the initial development of China's MDF, most enterprises were still in the stage of trial production, equipment installation, preparation and commissioning. Therefore, 14 products of 14 enterprises and 32 products of 32 enterprises were sampled. In 2003 and 2006, 41 products of 41 enterprises and 43 products of 43 enterprises were sampled, accounting for about 10% of the total number of MDF production enterprises in the same period, and all the companies were representative, so the results of the random inspection It basically reflects the quality level of the entire industry during the same period. The sampling pass rate of the four sampling inspections is shown in Figure 1. From Figure 1, it can be seen that the products in 1995 and 1997 have lower qualifications. In 2003 and 2006, the product qualification rate is higher. The trend line of 4 qualifications indicates the product qualification rate. It grows linearly.
2. Product quality of enterprises of different scales
Table 2 shows the product quality of different scale enterprises in the four spot checks. It can be seen from the table that the product quality of large and medium-sized enterprises is steadily increasing year by year, while the product quality of small enterprises fluctuates greatly and is unstable.
The MDF production line has a large investment, high degree of automation and high technical content. Large and medium-sized enterprises can basically meet the production needs in terms of capital and technology. At the same time, under the stimulation of market competition, enterprises pay more and more attention to product quality, and constantly improve and perfect processes and equipment, so that product quality is improving year by year. Private enterprises and individual enterprises are mostly small and medium-sized enterprises with low capital, production equipment and supporting equipment are mostly made in China, and there are some problems in the production line. In addition, technical strength and personnel quality cannot keep up, management experience is insufficient, and some even have quality awareness. Strong, leading to a relatively low product qualification rate. However, in the 2006 spot check, the qualification rate of small enterprises reached 82.6%, which was higher than the average of the industry average of 81.4%. The reasons for the analysis are as follows: (1) The development of the whole industry has promoted the transformation and upgrading of small enterprise production lines and improved Product quality; (2) National macro-control regulates the production and management of enterprises, especially in the process of bidding for industrial product production licenses, and has clear regulations on production equipment, product quality inspection food equipment and quality management system; (3) The pressure of market competition inside and outside the industry at home and abroad, as well as the improvement of consumer quality requirements and the deepening of quality competition mechanism, have strengthened the quality awareness of enterprises.
3. Product quality of different business nature
Table 3 lists the number of enterprises with different business nature and product qualifications in three random inspections. It can be seen from Table 4 that in the spot checks in 1955 and 1997, state-owned enterprises accounted for a large percentage, reflecting that China's MDF production enterprises were mainly state-owned enterprises, which is consistent with the facts. In 1994, China's MDF expanded rapidly, and the nature of business operations increased. Companies with joint ventures, partnerships, limited liability companies, and individuals of various natures joined in. The same conclusions can be reached from the spot checks in 2003 and 2005.
According to analysis table 3, the product qualification rate of individual (including private) enterprises is relatively low, and the product qualification rate of state-owned, foreign-funded and limited liability enterprises is relatively good. The main reasons are as follows: (1) State-owned, foreign-funded, Due to the advanced or perfect equipment, strong technical force, high quality of personnel and rich management experience, the joint venture has good product quality and relatively stable; (2) enterprises with limited liability management nature, due to the binding effect of partners' interests And supervise and restrict operations, so that operators must improve management level and control product quality; (3) private enterprises and individual enterprises are mostly small and medium-sized enterprises, small in scale, economically difficult, production technology and equipment are backward, and enterprises lack management, leading to enterprises. The product qualification rate is relatively low.
4. Product quality in different regions
According to statistics, as of April 2007, there are about 380 MDF production enterprises that have obtained industrial product production licenses in China. Figure 2 shows the distribution of these enterprises. As can be seen from the figure, China's MDF production layout is in the east and west-light pattern. Shandong Province is the largest province for medium-density fiberboard production in China, with more distribution in Guangdong, Hebei, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Henan, Yunnan, Sichuan and other provinces.
Table 4 shows the qualified rate of MDF products in various places in 2003 and 2006. It can be seen from the table that there are problems in the quality of MDF products in Hebei Province and Sichuan, and the quality of products in Shandong, Guangdong and Guangxi is relatively good. The scale and extent of the development of the wood-based panel industry in various places. Hebei is a large province of wood-based panels in China. It has a large number of enterprises and a wide distribution. However, most of them are small enterprises and even workshop enterprises. Their management and technical level are low, equipment production is stable, and continuous operation ability is poor, so product quality Unstable. Shandong, Guangdong and Guangxi are important MDF producing areas and started earlier. The quality of products has been paid attention to and effectively monitored by enterprises and local government departments.
5, inspection project pass rate
MDF is widely used in the construction, manufacturing and interior decoration industries, and has different requirements for product performance in different fields. The national standard GB/T11718-1999 specifies 17 physical and chemical performance indexes, in which the water absorption thickness expansion rate affects the moisture resistance of the board and the service life of the product, and the internal bonding strength affects the delamination resistance, peeling performance, static bending strength and The modulus of elasticity affects the load-bearing properties of the sheet, the screwing force affects the assembly performance of the sheet, and the amount of formaldehyde released is related to human health problems.
Table 5 lists the qualifications of the various inspection items in the four random inspections. It can be seen from the table that the amount of formaldehyde released is the main reason for the unqualified MDF products in previous sampling. In addition, the water absorption thickness expansion rate, the holding screw force, the static bending strength and the elastic modulus are also unqualified. The amount of formaldehyde released has always been the key to the quality of MDF products. A large amount of research has been carried out on the problem of formaldehyde release. At the same time, under the impetus of the national mandatory standard GB18580-2001, it has been basically controlled in recent years, and the pass rate has been significantly improved.
Finally, welcome to the National Quality Control and Inspection Center for Wood-based Panels and Wood Bamboo Products for cooperation and discussion in scientific research, testing, standard setting, and information exchange.
In addition, the center undertakes the review of the national wood-based panel production license, and collects a large amount of information on wood-based panels, which can be discussed together.
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